Rummy APP

• Disclaimer+
  • This implies that in order to withdraw any related winnings, a player who receives a 51 Rupee bonus with a 5x wagering requirement would have to wager 255 Rupees in total. Also, players' time to utilize bonuses may be limited by their expiration dates. A player runs the risk of losing both the bonus and any winnings they have accrued if they don't use the bonus within the allotted time or meet the wagering requirements. Limits on the maximum bet sizes when using bonus money & restrictions on which games can be played with the money are other typical conditions.
  • Rules pertaining to the number of players, joker usage, and scoring are specific to each variation. Any player hoping to succeed in contemporary rummy must comprehend these subtleties. Jokers can be used as wild cards in Indian Rummy, for example, and players frequently use two decks, which gives the game an extra strategic element. Concentration and focus.
  • When a card is discarded, opponents may have more options, but if they keep it, their options may be reduced. Players must therefore consider how each card might affect their hand as well as the hands of their opponents before choosing one. As you watch what your opponents are gathering, it's a good idea to discard cards that aren't likely to aid in meld formation.
  • Rules pertaining to the number of players, joker usage, and scoring are specific to each variation. Any player hoping to succeed in contemporary rummy must comprehend these subtleties. Jokers can be used as wild cards in Indian Rummy, for example, and players frequently use two decks, which gives the game an extra strategic element. Concentration and focus.
  • The exclusive tournaments that enable them to compete at higher levels and meet like-minded people who share their passion for Rummy are something that many members express gratitude for. In addition to enhancing their abilities, testimonials frequently emphasize how these experiences have helped them form friendships outside of the virtual gaming world. Members also regularly praise the individualized customer service that comes with being a VIP.
  • Learning from mistakes and recording effective tactics can yield important information about how to gradually enhance gameplay. Participating in online forums or interacting with more seasoned players can also promote knowledge exchange and a deeper comprehension of sophisticated rummy tactics. Players can greatly improve their Rummy skills by mastering these components: knowing the fundamentals, cultivating a winning mentality, learning card counting, creating strategic melds, making effective use of jokers, determining when to hold or discard, striking a balance between offensive and defensive play, and using sophisticated strategies.
  • You can confuse your opponents about your intentions by discarding one card while keeping the other if you have two cards of the same rank but are not actively pursuing that meld. This psychological component gives the game depth and, when used well, can result in major advantages. Along with these strategies, players should always work on improving their abilities through practice & game analysis.
  • Rules pertaining to the number of players, joker usage, and scoring are specific to each variation. Any player hoping to succeed in contemporary rummy must comprehend these subtleties. Jokers can be used as wild cards in Indian Rummy, for example, and players frequently use two decks, which gives the game an extra strategic element. Concentration and focus.
  • In-game purchases & the monetization techniques used by Rummy Modern APK are the subject of another commonly asked query. Some advanced features might need payment or in-game currency, even though many are free. Before beginning gameplay, players should be aware of these factors to prevent unforeseen fees. In order to give users transparency as they navigate their gaming experience, the app usually makes clear any costs related to premium features or items.
  • When a card is discarded, opponents may have more options, but if they keep it, their options may be reduced. Players must therefore consider how each card might affect their hand as well as the hands of their opponents before choosing one. As you watch what your opponents are gathering, it's a good idea to discard cards that aren't likely to aid in meld formation.
  • When a card is discarded, opponents may have more options, but if they keep it, their options may be reduced. Players must therefore consider how each card might affect their hand as well as the hands of their opponents before choosing one. As you watch what your opponents are gathering, it's a good idea to discard cards that aren't likely to aid in meld formation.
  • An offensive strategy is actively attempting to create sets and melds while eliminating cards that don't advance this objective. Players are encouraged to take measured risks in order to outplay their rivals because of this proactive mentality. On the other hand, defensive play aims to reduce the threat that opponents present. This entails closely monitoring their behavior and modifying your approach as necessary. For instance, it might be wise to refrain from discarding any cards from a specific suit if your opponent is routinely picking up cards from that suit. Players can develop a dynamic approach that keeps their opponents off balance while achieving their own objectives by combining offensive and defensive tactics.
• Privacy Policy+
  • Employing Versatile Cards. Also, since they can greatly improve your ability to form winning combinations, think about keeping versatile cards like jokers or wild cards that can be used in a variety of melds. You can improve your chances of creating winning melds and winning the game by including these cards in your strategy.
  • Rules pertaining to the number of players, joker usage, and scoring are specific to each variation. Any player hoping to succeed in contemporary rummy must comprehend these subtleties. Jokers can be used as wild cards in Indian Rummy, for example, and players frequently use two decks, which gives the game an extra strategic element. Concentration and focus.
  • For example, it might be prudent to refrain from discarding cards from a particular suit unless they are wholly unrelated to your strategy and you observe your opponent picking up cards from that suit. This degree of strategic thinking can help you keep the game under control and restrict the options available to your opponents. To increase their chances of winning, rummy players must strike a balance between offensive and defensive tactics.
  • Players must use sophisticated strategies in addition to fundamental ones if they want to succeed in modern rummy. Analyzing opponents' picks and discards to determine their possible hands is known as reading them. Players can predict moves with this ability & modify their tactics accordingly. Creating fake melds by holding onto specific cards that could give opponents false information about the makeup of your hand is another sophisticated tactic.
  • The game is made visually appealing and captivating by the app's lively graphics and fluid animations. Gamers can effortlessly manage their profiles, access different game modes, & navigate through a variety of menus. design that is user-centric.
  • Understanding Contemporary Rummy: An All-Inclusive Guide Contemporary Rummy is a card game that has developed from its historical origins, adjusting to different rules and styles in many cultures. Fundamentally, the game is about creating sets & runs, which are crucial card combinations that players must make in order to win. A run is a string of three or more cards in the same suit, whereas a set is made up of three or four cards of the same rank but different suits. In order to minimize the number of points in unmelded cards, or deadwood, the goal is to fuse these combinations. Usually played with a standard 52-card deck, players can choose from a variety of formats, such as Indian Rummy & Gin Rummy.
  • It can be harmful to hold onto a joker for too long if it keeps you from creating other combinations. It's critical to consider how jokers might affect both your hand and your opponents' hands when playing with them. It might be prudent to play that joker as soon as possible if you observe an opponent gathering cards that might eventually form a meld with the joker you currently possess. On the other hand, if you have more than one joker, think about how to use them in various melds without giving away too much about your plan. One of the most important parts of rummy strategy is deciding whether to discard or keep a card.
  • Rules pertaining to the number of players, joker usage, and scoring are specific to each variation. Any player hoping to succeed in contemporary rummy must comprehend these subtleties. Jokers can be used as wild cards in Indian Rummy, for example, and players frequently use two decks, which gives the game an extra strategic element. Concentration and focus.
  • Also, Rummy Modern APK encourages player interaction, fostering a sense of community within the gaming environment. Through shared experiences, the multiplayer feature helps friends and family members connect & compete with one another, fostering stronger bonds. Also, interacting with players from around the globe fosters cross-cultural communication & comprehension.
  • Players must use sophisticated strategies in addition to fundamental ones if they want to succeed in modern rummy. Analyzing opponents' picks and discards to determine their possible hands is known as reading them. Players can predict moves with this ability & modify their tactics accordingly. Creating fake melds by holding onto specific cards that could give opponents false information about the makeup of your hand is another sophisticated tactic.
  • In a strategic approach, specific combinations are prioritized according to the state of play at the moment. It might be prudent to hold onto your cards while working on other possible runs or sets, for example, if you have two cards of the same rank but no third. When creating melds, adaptability is also essential.
  • Players must use sophisticated strategies in addition to fundamental ones if they want to succeed in modern rummy. Analyzing opponents' picks and discards to determine their possible hands is known as reading them. Players can predict moves with this ability & modify their tactics accordingly. Creating fake melds by holding onto specific cards that could give opponents false information about the makeup of your hand is another sophisticated tactic.
• Earn App+
  • Employing Versatile Cards. Also, since they can greatly improve your ability to form winning combinations, think about keeping versatile cards like jokers or wild cards that can be used in a variety of melds. You can improve your chances of creating winning melds and winning the game by including these cards in your strategy.
  • Understanding Contemporary Rummy: An All-Inclusive Guide Contemporary Rummy is a card game that has developed from its historical origins, adjusting to different rules and styles in many cultures. Fundamentally, the game is about creating sets & runs, which are crucial card combinations that players must make in order to win. A run is a string of three or more cards in the same suit, whereas a set is made up of three or four cards of the same rank but different suits. In order to minimize the number of points in unmelded cards, or deadwood, the goal is to fuse these combinations. Usually played with a standard 52-card deck, players can choose from a variety of formats, such as Indian Rummy & Gin Rummy.
  • Rules pertaining to the number of players, joker usage, and scoring are specific to each variation. Any player hoping to succeed in contemporary rummy must comprehend these subtleties. Jokers can be used as wild cards in Indian Rummy, for example, and players frequently use two decks, which gives the game an extra strategic element. Concentration and focus.
  • It can be harmful to hold onto a joker for too long if it keeps you from creating other combinations. It's critical to consider how jokers might affect both your hand and your opponents' hands when playing with them. It might be prudent to play that joker as soon as possible if you observe an opponent gathering cards that might eventually form a meld with the joker you currently possess. On the other hand, if you have more than one joker, think about how to use them in various melds without giving away too much about your plan. One of the most important parts of rummy strategy is deciding whether to discard or keep a card.
  • It might be less likely that you will draw another joker soon if you see that a lot of them have already been played. In this case, you should modify your strategy accordingly. Also, think about using jokers defensively by keeping them until you observe how your opponents are developing. This will allow you to determine whether to use them in your own melds or to keep them as a possible block against their strategies.
  • When a card is discarded, opponents may have more options, but if they keep it, their options may be reduced. Players must therefore consider how each card might affect their hand as well as the hands of their opponents before choosing one. As you watch what your opponents are gathering, it's a good idea to discard cards that aren't likely to aid in meld formation.
  • You can gain important knowledge about your opponents' tactics and possible hands by keeping track of both your own and their discards. This degree of consciousness can greatly improve your capacity to predict movements & modify your approach appropriately. The foundation of rummy strategy is the creation of melds and sets. In addition to their hands, players need to be aware of the cards that their opponents are picking up & discarding.
  • You can gain important knowledge about your opponents' tactics and possible hands by keeping track of both your own and their discards. This degree of consciousness can greatly improve your capacity to predict movements & modify your approach appropriately. The foundation of rummy strategy is the creation of melds and sets. In addition to their hands, players need to be aware of the cards that their opponents are picking up & discarding.
  • After registering for an online rummy platform, new players are usually given a welcome bonus that gives them additional money or free chips to get their gaming career started. Online rummy bonus types. By matching a portion of the deposit amount, deposit bonuses incentivize players to add money to their accounts. Players hoping to get the most out of their gameplay & take advantage of more chances to win must comprehend these bonuses.
  • Rules pertaining to the number of players, joker usage, and scoring are specific to each variation. Any player hoping to succeed in contemporary rummy must comprehend these subtleties. Jokers can be used as wild cards in Indian Rummy, for example, and players frequently use two decks, which gives the game an extra strategic element. Concentration and focus.
  • For example, it might be prudent to refrain from discarding cards from a particular suit unless they are wholly unrelated to your strategy and you observe your opponent picking up cards from that suit. This degree of strategic thinking can help you keep the game under control and restrict the options available to your opponents. To increase their chances of winning, rummy players must strike a balance between offensive and defensive tactics.
  • Understanding Contemporary Rummy: An All-Inclusive Guide Contemporary Rummy is a card game that has developed from its historical origins, adjusting to different rules and styles in many cultures. Fundamentally, the game is about creating sets & runs, which are crucial card combinations that players must make in order to win. A run is a string of three or more cards in the same suit, whereas a set is made up of three or four cards of the same rank but different suits. In order to minimize the number of points in unmelded cards, or deadwood, the goal is to fuse these combinations. Usually played with a standard 52-card deck, players can choose from a variety of formats, such as Indian Rummy & Gin Rummy.
• lottery Result+
  • It is essential to develop a winning mindset in order to succeed in Rummy 51. This entails cultivating mental toughness and emotional regulation in addition to comprehending the game's rules and tactics. Confidence is the foundation of a winning mindset; players need to have faith in their capacity to make wise choices & modify their tactics as the game progresses. With practice and experience, this confidence can be strengthened & players can get more accustomed to the different situations they might run into while playing. Keeping a positive outlook can also help players remain attentive and involved even in the face of difficulties or disappointments.
  • Depending on the cards they draw and what their opponents do, players should be ready to modify their plans. It might be advantageous to change your approach if, for instance, you draw cards that could form a set but initially aim for a run. Not only does this flexibility improve your chances of creating melds, but it also keeps your opponents guessing about what you're up to. In Rummy, wild cards and jokers are strong tools that can drastically change the game's dynamics. Since these cards can be used in place of any other card, they are very useful for finishing sets or melds. Their strategic application, however, necessitates considerable thought.
  • When a card is discarded, opponents may have more options, but if they keep it, their options may be reduced. Players must therefore consider how each card might affect their hand as well as the hands of their opponents before choosing one. As you watch what your opponents are gathering, it's a good idea to discard cards that aren't likely to aid in meld formation.
  • It can be harmful to hold onto a joker for too long if it keeps you from creating other combinations. It's critical to consider how jokers might affect both your hand and your opponents' hands when playing with them. It might be prudent to play that joker as soon as possible if you observe an opponent gathering cards that might eventually form a meld with the joker you currently possess. On the other hand, if you have more than one joker, think about how to use them in various melds without giving away too much about your plan. One of the most important parts of rummy strategy is deciding whether to discard or keep a card.
  • Nonetheless, it is crucial to carefully review the conditions attached to these bonuses because they frequently have particular conditions that must be fulfilled before players can take their winnings out. In order to entice new players to join and try the game, it is usually easy to claim a free bonus, like the 51 Rupees bonus that some online rummy platforms offer. In order to receive this bonus, players typically need to register for an account on the platform that is providing it. Providing basic information like your name, phone number, and email address is part of this process. Players may need to confirm their identity via an SMS link or confirmation email sent by the platform after creating an account. Players can access the promotions section of the website or app to claim their 51 Rupees free bonus after successfully registering & confirming their account.
  • Mastering Modern Rummy: Tips and Strategies
  • When a card is discarded, opponents may have more options, but if they keep it, their options may be reduced. Players must therefore consider how each card might affect their hand as well as the hands of their opponents before choosing one. As you watch what your opponents are gathering, it's a good idea to discard cards that aren't likely to aid in meld formation.
  • You can gain important knowledge about your opponents' tactics and possible hands by keeping track of both your own and their discards. This degree of consciousness can greatly improve your capacity to predict movements & modify your approach appropriately. The foundation of rummy strategy is the creation of melds and sets. In addition to their hands, players need to be aware of the cards that their opponents are picking up & discarding.
  • Making the Discard Pile More Useful. In rummy, the discard pile is a great place to find valuable information & opportunities. You can improve your hand by using the information that each card your opponents discard gives you about their strategy. Think about which card to discard as well as which to draw when it's your turn. Choosing and discarding cards strategically.
  • You can gain important knowledge about your opponents' tactics and possible hands by keeping track of both your own and their discards. This degree of consciousness can greatly improve your capacity to predict movements & modify your approach appropriately. The foundation of rummy strategy is the creation of melds and sets. In addition to their hands, players need to be aware of the cards that their opponents are picking up & discarding.
  • Understanding Contemporary Rummy: An All-Inclusive Guide Contemporary Rummy is a card game that has developed from its historical origins, adjusting to different rules and styles in many cultures. Fundamentally, the game is about creating sets & runs, which are crucial card combinations that players must make in order to win. A run is a string of three or more cards in the same suit, whereas a set is made up of three or four cards of the same rank but different suits. In order to minimize the number of points in unmelded cards, or deadwood, the goal is to fuse these combinations. Usually played with a standard 52-card deck, players can choose from a variety of formats, such as Indian Rummy & Gin Rummy.
  • When a card is discarded, opponents may have more options, but if they keep it, their options may be reduced. Players must therefore consider how each card might affect their hand as well as the hands of their opponents before choosing one. As you watch what your opponents are gathering, it's a good idea to discard cards that aren't likely to aid in meld formation.
• Privacy Policy+
  • Also, you can learn about possible sequences your opponents might be creating by monitoring the suits they are playing. This information can help you decide which cards to keep or discard. Understanding Rummy 51's Blocking Technique. One of the more complex Rummy 51 strategies that calls for strategic foresight & acute observation is blocking opponents.
  • It can be harmful to hold onto a joker for too long if it keeps you from creating other combinations. It's critical to consider how jokers might affect both your hand and your opponents' hands when playing with them. It might be prudent to play that joker as soon as possible if you observe an opponent gathering cards that might eventually form a meld with the joker you currently possess. On the other hand, if you have more than one joker, think about how to use them in various melds without giving away too much about your plan. One of the most important parts of rummy strategy is deciding whether to discard or keep a card.
  • Understanding Contemporary Rummy: An All-Inclusive Guide Contemporary Rummy is a card game that has developed from its historical origins, adjusting to different rules and styles in many cultures. Fundamentally, the game is about creating sets & runs, which are crucial card combinations that players must make in order to win. A run is a string of three or more cards in the same suit, whereas a set is made up of three or four cards of the same rank but different suits. In order to minimize the number of points in unmelded cards, or deadwood, the goal is to fuse these combinations. Usually played with a standard 52-card deck, players can choose from a variety of formats, such as Indian Rummy & Gin Rummy.
  • In a strategic approach, specific combinations are prioritized according to the state of play at the moment. It might be prudent to hold onto your cards while working on other possible runs or sets, for example, if you have two cards of the same rank but no third. When creating melds, adaptability is also essential.
  • After registering for an online rummy platform, new players are usually given a welcome bonus that gives them additional money or free chips to get their gaming career started. Online rummy bonus types. By matching a portion of the deposit amount, deposit bonuses incentivize players to add money to their accounts. Players hoping to get the most out of their gameplay & take advantage of more chances to win must comprehend these bonuses.
  • For example, it might be prudent to refrain from discarding cards from a particular suit unless they are wholly unrelated to your strategy and you observe your opponent picking up cards from that suit. This degree of strategic thinking can help you keep the game under control and restrict the options available to your opponents. To increase their chances of winning, rummy players must strike a balance between offensive and defensive tactics.
  • In a strategic approach, specific combinations are prioritized according to the state of play at the moment. It might be prudent to hold onto your cards while working on other possible runs or sets, for example, if you have two cards of the same rank but no third. When creating melds, adaptability is also essential.
  • You can confuse your opponents about your intentions by discarding one card while keeping the other if you have two cards of the same rank but are not actively pursuing that meld. This psychological component gives the game depth and, when used well, can result in major advantages. Along with these strategies, players should always work on improving their abilities through practice & game analysis.
  • The safety and security of playing Rummy Modern APK is a frequently asked question. Reputable app versions put user security first by enforcing encryption protocols and providing frequent updates to safeguard private data, so players can relax. obtaining from reliable sources.
  • Learning from mistakes and recording effective tactics can yield important information about how to gradually enhance gameplay. Participating in online forums or interacting with more seasoned players can also promote knowledge exchange and a deeper comprehension of sophisticated rummy tactics. Players can greatly improve their Rummy skills by mastering these components: knowing the fundamentals, cultivating a winning mentality, learning card counting, creating strategic melds, making effective use of jokers, determining when to hold or discard, striking a balance between offensive and defensive play, and using sophisticated strategies.
  • You can gain important knowledge about your opponents' tactics and possible hands by keeping track of both your own and their discards. This degree of consciousness can greatly improve your capacity to predict movements & modify your approach appropriately. The foundation of rummy strategy is the creation of melds and sets. In addition to their hands, players need to be aware of the cards that their opponents are picking up & discarding.
  • Although it's frequently linked to games like blackjack, card counting is a strategy that works well in rummy as well. Players are better equipped to make decisions about their own and their opponents' hands when they keep track of which cards have been played and which are still in the deck. This calls for a sharp memory and a methodical approach to gameplay. Players should start by concentrating on the high-value cards that are essential for creating melds in order to become proficient at card counting in rummy. An opponent is less likely to be able to form a set with several Kings, for instance, if they have already been discarded.
• About Us+
  • Creating relationships in this community can result in beneficial strategy and tip sharing that can enhance gameplay. Also, exchanging knowledge and perspectives can help players feel more included, which will improve their overall gaming experience. Rummy VIP members can genuinely optimize their advantages and improve their gaming experience by fusing community involvement with active participation. An important source of information about how Rummy VIP affects community involvement & gameplay enjoyment is the experiences of current members.
  • The difference between winning and losing may lie in one's capacity to maintain composure under duress. During stressful situations, players should practice stress-reduction strategies like deep breathing or visualization. A Growth Mentality for Prolonged Achievement. A player can improve their long-term game development by adopting a growth mindset, which sees losses as teaching opportunities rather than setbacks. Players can increase their success in rummy by embracing this mentality, which allows them to continuously hone their abilities.
  • For example, it might be prudent to refrain from discarding cards from a particular suit unless they are wholly unrelated to your strategy and you observe your opponent picking up cards from that suit. This degree of strategic thinking can help you keep the game under control and restrict the options available to your opponents. To increase their chances of winning, rummy players must strike a balance between offensive and defensive tactics.
  • You can gain important knowledge about your opponents' tactics and possible hands by keeping track of both your own and their discards. This degree of consciousness can greatly improve your capacity to predict movements & modify your approach appropriately. The foundation of rummy strategy is the creation of melds and sets. In addition to their hands, players need to be aware of the cards that their opponents are picking up & discarding.
  • Numerous special advantages that greatly improve their gaming experience are available to Rummy VIP members. Access to exclusive tournaments for VIPs is one of the most noteworthy benefits. These competitions frequently offer bigger prize pools and distinctive formats, giving participants a chance to test their abilities against other elite players.
  • Players must enter each game with a specific goal in mind & stay focused during each round. Better decision-making is made possible by this mental clarity, particularly when evaluating the cards at hand and anticipating the moves of opponents. Resilience and emotional control. An important factor in a player's performance is emotional control.
  • Understanding Contemporary Rummy: An All-Inclusive Guide Contemporary Rummy is a card game that has developed from its historical origins, adjusting to different rules and styles in many cultures. Fundamentally, the game is about creating sets & runs, which are crucial card combinations that players must make in order to win. A run is a string of three or more cards in the same suit, whereas a set is made up of three or four cards of the same rank but different suits. In order to minimize the number of points in unmelded cards, or deadwood, the goal is to fuse these combinations. Usually played with a standard 52-card deck, players can choose from a variety of formats, such as Indian Rummy & Gin Rummy.
  • Depending on the cards they draw and what their opponents do, players should be ready to modify their plans. It might be advantageous to change your approach if, for instance, you draw cards that could form a set but initially aim for a run. Not only does this flexibility improve your chances of creating melds, but it also keeps your opponents guessing about what you're up to. In Rummy, wild cards and jokers are strong tools that can drastically change the game's dynamics. Since these cards can be used in place of any other card, they are very useful for finishing sets or melds. Their strategic application, however, necessitates considerable thought.
  • Each player takes a turn selecting a card from the discard or draw pile, after which they discard one card from their hand. Until a player discards their final card and successfully melds all of their cards into valid combinations, the game is over. Generally speaking, players receive points for successfully melding cards and penalties for unmelded cards in their hands at the end of the game, though scoring can vary depending on the exact rules being followed.
  • An offensive strategy is actively attempting to create sets and melds while eliminating cards that don't advance this objective. Players are encouraged to take measured risks in order to outplay their rivals because of this proactive mentality. On the other hand, defensive play aims to reduce the threat that opponents present. This entails closely monitoring their behavior and modifying your approach as necessary. For instance, it might be wise to refrain from discarding any cards from a specific suit if your opponent is routinely picking up cards from that suit. Players can develop a dynamic approach that keeps their opponents off balance while achieving their own objectives by combining offensive and defensive tactics.
  • An offensive strategy is actively attempting to create sets and melds while eliminating cards that don't advance this objective. Players are encouraged to take measured risks in order to outplay their rivals because of this proactive mentality. On the other hand, defensive play aims to reduce the threat that opponents present. This entails closely monitoring their behavior and modifying your approach as necessary. For instance, it might be wise to refrain from discarding any cards from a specific suit if your opponent is routinely picking up cards from that suit. Players can develop a dynamic approach that keeps their opponents off balance while achieving their own objectives by combining offensive and defensive tactics.
  • The difference between winning and losing may lie in one's capacity to maintain composure under duress. During stressful situations, players should practice stress-reduction strategies like deep breathing or visualization. A Growth Mentality for Prolonged Achievement. A player can improve their long-term game development by adopting a growth mindset, which sees losses as teaching opportunities rather than setbacks. Players can increase their success in rummy by embracing this mentality, which allows them to continuously hone their abilities.